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Perovskite Quantum Dots

Introduction

Perovskite quantum dots are mainly ABX3 structures, its A position is mainly Cs+, B position is Pb2+, X position is composed of halogen elements. Different from the traditional cadmium based quantum dots, perovskite quantum dots can not only adjust the luminescence peak position by changing the size, but also achieve a wide range of spectral shift covering the visible light by adjusting the proportion of their halogen (namely Cl, Br, I).In addition, the cost of synthetic raw materials is low, the preparation is simple, the core-shell structure does not need to be constructed by wrapping, the operation requirements are relatively low, and the emission peak is narrower than other quantum dots.

Perovskite Quantum DotsFig.1 Scheme showing the general (ABX3) crystal structure of perovskite.[1]

Application

Perovskite quantum dots are widely used in light-emitting diodes, solar cells, laser devices, biological imaging and other fields due to their excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, narrow emission spectrum, adjustable emission light, good stability and biocompatibility.

  • Photodetector: Halide perovskite-based photodetectors have made great progress in many aspects including responsiveness, detection rate and response speed, and their performance is comparable to or even better than that of commercial Si based detectors. Xue [2] used freeze-drying and recrystallization to fabricate perovskite films with porous interface fusion. At 520 nm and 9 V bias, the external quantum efficiency of the photodetector made of the thin film is as high as 658%, which is greatly improved compared with the previously reported perovskite photodetector (see Fig.2).

Perovskite Quantum DotsFig.2 Photodetectors based on the Mie porous and interface-fused perovskite films

  • In vitro tumor targeting imaging: The application of perovskite quantum dots in the field of biology has also made progress. Excellent luminescence properties make them useful in cell imaging and in vitro tumor targeting imaging: Yang [3] has designed a universal strategy which demonstrated by simply encapsulating CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) NCs into phospholipids to achieve CsPbX3–phospholipid micelles (CsPbX3@phospholipid) as probes for multiplex encoding cellular imaging or tumor-targeted imaging. The layer of phospholipids endows CsPbX3 NCs with superior water-resistant characteristics, the ability to be further biofunctionalized, and greatly improved biocompatibility.

Perovskite Quantum DotsFig.3 The preparation process of CsPbBr3@FA micelles.

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References

  • Christians.; et al, Transformation of the Excited State and Photovoltaic Efficiency of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite upon Controlled Exposure to Humidified Air. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2015, 137(4), 1530.
  • Xue.; et al, Constructing Mie-Scattering Porous Interface-Fused Perovskite Films to Synergistically Boost Light Harvesting and Carrier Transport. Angewandte Chemie-International Edition, 2017, 56(19), 5232.
  • Yang.; et al, Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals–Phospholipid Micelles and Their Biological Applications: Multiplex Cellular Imaging and in Vitro Tumor Targeting. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11(51): 47671-47679.

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